Remove call_usermodehelper starting /etc/acpi/events/RadioPower.sh that
is not available. This script is not part of the kernel and it is not
officially available on the www. The result is that this lines are just
dead code.
Remove function _rtl92e_dm_check_ac_dc_power calling a script
/etc/acpi/wireless-rtl-ac-dc-power.sh that is not available. This script
is not part of the kernel and it is not available on the www. The result
is that this function is just dead code.
The powerclamp cooling device cur_state shows actual idle observed by
package C-state idle counters. But the implementation is not sufficient
for multi package or multi die system. The cur_state value is incorrect.
On these systems, these counters must be read from each package/die and
somehow aggregate them. But there is no good method for aggregation.
It was not a problem when explicit CPU model addition was required to
enable intel powerclamp. In this way certain CPU models could have
been avoided. But with the removal of CPU model check with the
availability of Package C-state counters, the driver is loaded on most
of the recent systems.
For multi package/die systems, just show the actual target idle state,
the system is trying to achieve. In powerclamp this is the user set
state minus one.
Also there is no use of starting a worker thread for polling package
C-state counters and applying any compensation for multiple package
or multiple die systems.
Fixes: b721ca0d1927 ("thermal/powerclamp: remove cpu whitelist") Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com> Cc: 4.14+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.14+ Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When writing a page from an encrypted file that is using
filesystem-layer encryption (not inline encryption), f2fs encrypts the
pagecache page into a bounce page, then writes the bounce page.
It also passes the bounce page to wbc_account_cgroup_owner(). That's
incorrect, because the bounce page is a newly allocated temporary page
that doesn't have the memory cgroup of the original pagecache page.
This makes wbc_account_cgroup_owner() not account the I/O to the owner
of the pagecache page as it should.
Fix this by always passing the pagecache page to
wbc_account_cgroup_owner().
usb_kill_urb warranties that all the handlers are finished when it
returns, but does not protect against threads that might be handling
asynchronously the urb.
For UVC, the function uvc_ctrl_status_event_async() takes care of
control changes asynchronously.
If the code is executed in the following order:
CPU 0 CPU 1
===== =====
uvc_status_complete()
uvc_status_stop()
uvc_ctrl_status_event_work()
uvc_status_start() -> FAIL
Then uvc_status_start will keep failing and this error will be shown:
<4>[ 5.540139] URB 0000000000000000 submitted while active
drivers/usb/core/urb.c:378 usb_submit_urb+0x4c3/0x528
Let's improve the current situation, by not re-submiting the urb if
we are stopping the status event. Also process the queued work
(if any) during stop.
CPU 0 CPU 1
===== =====
uvc_status_complete()
uvc_status_stop()
uvc_status_start()
uvc_ctrl_status_event_work() -> FAIL
Hopefully, with the usb layer protection this should be enough to cover
all the cases.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: e5225c820c05 ("media: uvcvideo: Send a control event when a Control Change interrupt arrives") Reviewed-by: Yunke Cao <yunkec@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda <ribalda@chromium.org> Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com> Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When we backport dadd0dcaa67d ("net/ulp: prevent ULP without clone op from
entering the LISTEN status"), we have accidentally backported a part of 7a7160edf1bf ("net: Return errno in sk->sk_prot->get_port().") and removed
err = -EADDRINUSE in inet_csk_listen_start().
Thus, listen() no longer returns -EADDRINUSE even if ->get_port() failed
as reported in [0].
We set -EADDRINUSE to err just before ->get_port() to fix the regression.
Command line parameters might set static keys. This is true for s390 at
least since commit 6471384af2a6 ("mm: security: introduce init_on_alloc=1
and init_on_free=1 boot options"). To avoid the following WARN:
static_key_enable_cpuslocked(): static key 'init_on_alloc+0x0/0x40' used
before call to jump_label_init()
call jump_label_init() just before parse_early_param().
jump_label_init() is safe to call multiple times (x86 does that), doesn't
do any memory allocations and hence should be safe to call that early.
To be able to patch kernel code before paging is initialized do plain
memcpy if DAT is off. This is required to enable early jump label
initialization.
The receive path may take the socket right before hci_sock_release(),
but it may enqueue the packets to the socket queues after the call to
skb_queue_purge(), therefore the socket can be destroyed without clear
its queues completely.
Moving these skb_queue_purge() to the hci_sock_destruct() will fix this
issue, because nothing is referencing the socket at this point.
The dp and ufp are defined as bool type, the return value type of
function extcon_get_state should be int, so the type of dp and ufp
are modified to int.
./drivers/phy/rockchip/phy-rockchip-typec.c:827:12-14: WARNING: Unsigned expression compared with zero: dp > 0.
The color matching descriptors defined in the UVC Specification
contain 3 fields with discrete numeric values representing particular
settings. Enumerate those values so that later code setting them can
be more readable.
The allocation of PageBuffer is 512 bytes in size, but the dereferencing
of struct ms_bootblock_idi (also size 512) happens at a calculated offset
within the allocation, which means the object could potentially extend
beyond the end of the allocation. Avoid this case by just allocating
enough space to catch any accesses beyond the end. Seen with GCC 13:
../drivers/usb/storage/ene_ub6250.c: In function 'ms_lib_process_bootblock':
../drivers/usb/storage/ene_ub6250.c:1050:44: warning: array subscript 'struct ms_bootblock_idi[0]' is partly outside array bounds of 'unsigned char[512]' [-Warray-bounds=]
1050 | if (le16_to_cpu(idi->wIDIgeneralConfiguration) != MS_IDI_GENERAL_CONF)
| ^~
../include/uapi/linux/byteorder/little_endian.h:37:51: note: in definition of macro '__le16_to_cpu'
37 | #define __le16_to_cpu(x) ((__force __u16)(__le16)(x))
| ^
../drivers/usb/storage/ene_ub6250.c:1050:29: note: in expansion of macro 'le16_to_cpu'
1050 | if (le16_to_cpu(idi->wIDIgeneralConfiguration) != MS_IDI_GENERAL_CONF)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from ../drivers/usb/storage/ene_ub6250.c:5:
In function 'kmalloc',
inlined from 'ms_lib_process_bootblock' at ../drivers/usb/storage/ene_ub6250.c:942:15:
../include/linux/slab.h:580:24: note: at offset [256, 512] into object of size 512 allocated by 'kmalloc_trace'
580 | return kmalloc_trace(
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
581 | kmalloc_caches[kmalloc_type(flags)][index],
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
582 | flags, size);
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~
Walking the dram->cs array was seen as accesses beyond the first array
item by the compiler. Instead, use the array index directly. This allows
for run-time bounds checking under CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS as well. Seen
with GCC 13 with -fstrict-flex-arrays:
In function 'xhci_mvebu_mbus_config',
inlined from 'xhci_mvebu_mbus_init_quirk' at ../drivers/usb/host/xhci-mvebu.c:66:2:
../drivers/usb/host/xhci-mvebu.c:37:28: warning: array subscript 0 is outside array bounds of 'const struct mbus_dram_window[0]' [-Warray-bounds=]
37 | writel(((cs->size - 1) & 0xffff0000) | (cs->mbus_attr << 8) |
| ~~^~~~~~
LPUART IP has a bug that it treats the CTS as higher priority than the
break signal, which cause the break signal sending through UARTCTRL_SBK
may impacted by the CTS input if the HW flow control is enabled.
Add this workaround patch to fix the IP bug, we can disable CTS before
asserting SBK to avoid any interference from CTS, and re-enable it when
break off.
Such as for the bluetooth chip power save feature, host can let the BT
chip get into sleep state by sending a UART break signal, and wake it up
by turning off the UART break. If the BT chip enters the sleep mode
successfully, it will pull up the CTS line, if the BT chip is woken up,
it will pull down the CTS line. If without this workaround patch, the
UART TX pin cannot send the break signal successfully as it affected by
the BT CTS pin. After adding this patch, the BT power save feature can
work well.
When specifying an invalid console= device like console=tty3270,
tty_driver_lookup_tty() returns the tty struct without checking
whether index is a valid number.
The memcpy() in uvc_video_decode_meta() intentionally copies across the
length and flags members and into the trailing buf flexible array.
Split the copy so that the compiler can better reason about (the lack
of) buffer overflows here. Avoid the run-time false positive warning:
memcpy: detected field-spanning write (size 12) of single field "&meta->length" at drivers/media/usb/uvc/uvc_video.c:1355 (size 1)
Additionally fix a typo in the documentation for struct uvc_meta_buf.
On a Webcam from Quanta, we see the following error.
usb 3-5: New USB device found, idVendor=0408, idProduct=30d2, bcdDevice= 0.03
usb 3-5: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
usb 3-5: Product: USB2.0 HD UVC WebCam
usb 3-5: Manufacturer: Quanta
usb 3-5: SerialNumber: 0x0001
...
uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.10 device USB2.0 HD UVC WebCam (0408:30d2)
uvcvideo: Failed to initialize entity for entity 5
uvcvideo: Failed to register entities (-22).
The Webcam reports an entity of type UVC_VC_EXTENSION_UNIT. It reports a
string index of '7' associated with that entity. The attempt to read that
string from the camera fails with error -32 (-EPIPE). usb_string() returns
that error, but it is ignored. As result, the entity name is empty. This
later causes v4l2_device_register_subdev() to return -EINVAL, and no
entities are registered as result.
While this appears to be a firmware problem with the camera, the kernel
should still handle the situation gracefully. To do that, check the return
value from usb_string(). If it reports an error, assign the entity's
default name.
Another Lenovo convertable which reports a landscape resolution of
1920x1200 with a pitch of (1920 * 4) bytes, while the actual framebuffer
has a resolution of 1200x1920 with a pitch of (1200 * 4) bytes.
Signed-off-by: Darrell Kavanagh <darrell.kavanagh@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
In a previous commit 7433632c9ff6, buffer, buffer->buffers and
buffer->buffers[cpu] in ring_buffer_wake_waiters() can be NULL,
and thus the related checks are added.
However, in the same call stack, these variables are also used in
ring_buffer_free_read_page():
tracing_buffers_release()
ring_buffer_wake_waiters(iter->array_buffer->buffer)
cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu] -> Add checks by previous commit
ring_buffer_free_read_page(iter->array_buffer->buffer)
cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu] -> No check
Thus, to avod possible null-pointer derefernces, the related checks
should be added.
These results are reported by a static tool designed by myself.
The ipr_log_vpd_compact() function triggers a fortified memcpy() warning
about a potential string overflow with all versions of clang:
In file included from drivers/scsi/ipr.c:43:
In file included from include/linux/string.h:254:
include/linux/fortify-string.h:520:4: error: call to '__write_overflow_field' declared with 'warning' attribute: detected write beyond size of field (1st parameter); maybe use struct_group()? [-Werror,-Wattribute-warning]
__write_overflow_field(p_size_field, size);
^
include/linux/fortify-string.h:520:4: error: call to '__write_overflow_field' declared with 'warning' attribute: detected write beyond size of field (1st parameter); maybe use struct_group()? [-Werror,-Wattribute-warning]
2 errors generated.
I don't see anything actually wrong with the function, but this is the only
instance I can reproduce of the fortification going wrong in the kernel at
the moment, so the easiest solution may be to rewrite the function into
something that does not trigger the warning.
Instead of having a combined buffer for vendor/device/serial strings, use
three separate local variables and just truncate the whitespace
individually.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230214132831.2118392-1-arnd@kernel.org Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Fixes: 8cf093e275d0 ("[SCSI] ipr: Improved dual adapter errors") Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Acked-by: Brian King <brking@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The callback context for sending/receiving APDUs to/from the selected
secure element is allocated inside nfc_genl_se_io and supposed to be
eventually freed in se_io_cb callback function. However, there are several
error paths where the bwi_timer is not charged to call se_io_cb later, and
the cb_context is leaked.
The patch proposes to free the cb_context explicitly on those error paths.
At the moment we can't simply check 'dev->ops->se_io()' return value as it
may be negative in both cases: when the timer was charged and was not.
Fixes: 5ce3f32b5264 ("NFC: netlink: SE API implementation") Reported-by: syzbot+df64c0a2e8d68e78a4fa@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Fedor Pchelkin <pchelkin@ispras.ru> Signed-off-by: Alexey Khoroshilov <khoroshilov@ispras.ru> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
When down_interruptible() or ib_post_send() failed in rdma_request(),
receive dma buffer is not unmapped. Add unmap action to error path.
Also if ib_post_recv() failed in post_recv(), dma buffer is not unmapped.
Add unmap action to error path.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230104020424.611926-1-shaozhengchao@huawei.com Fixes: fc79d4b104f0 ("9p: rdma: RDMA Transport Support for 9P") Signed-off-by: Zhengchao Shao <shaozhengchao@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Leon Romanovsky <leonro@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org> Signed-off-by: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Today the connection sequence of the Xen 9pfs frontend doesn't match
the documented sequence. It can work reliably only for a PV 9pfs device
having been added at boot time already, as the frontend is not waiting
for the backend to have set its state to "XenbusStateInitWait" before
reading the backend properties from Xenstore.
Fix that by following the documented sequence [1] (the documentation
has a bug, so the reference is for the patch fixing that).
When connecting the Xen 9pfs frontend to the backend, the "versions"
Xenstore entry written by the backend is parsed in a wrong way.
The "versions" entry is defined to contain the versions supported by
the backend separated by commas (e.g. "1,2"). Today only version "1"
is defined. Unfortunately the frontend doesn't look for "1" being
listed in the entry, but it is expecting the entry to have the value
"1".
This will result in failure as soon as the backend will support e.g.
versions "1" and "2".
Fix that by scanning the entry correctly.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230130113036.7087-2-jgross@suse.com Fixes: 71ebd71921e4 ("xen/9pfs: connect to the backend") Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Simon Horman <simon.horman@corigine.com> Signed-off-by: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org> Signed-off-by: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
When a driver is dropping a packet by calling dev_kfree_skb_any()
we should propagate the drop reason instead of pretending
the packet was consumed.
Note: Now we have enum skb_drop_reason we could remove
enum skb_free_reason (for linux-6.4)
v2: added an unlikely(), suggested by Yunsheng Lin.
Fixes: e6247027e517 ("net: introduce dev_consume_skb_any()") Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Yunsheng Lin <linyunsheng@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Yunsheng Lin <linyunsheng@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The stack variable msb and lsb may be used uninitialized in function
usb_pcwd_get_temperature and usb_pcwd_get_timeleft when usb card no response.
The build waring is:
drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:336:22: error: ‘lsb’ is used uninitialized in this function [-Werror=uninitialized]
*temperature = (lsb * 9 / 5) + 32;
~~~~^~~
drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:328:21: note: ‘lsb’ was declared here
unsigned char msb, lsb;
^~~
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
scripts/Makefile.build:250: recipe for target 'drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.o' failed
make[3]: *** [drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.o] Error 1
Fixes: b7e04f8c61a4 ("mv watchdog tree under drivers") Signed-off-by: Li Hua <hucool.lihua@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221116020706.70847-1-hucool.lihua@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Signed-off-by: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@linux-watchdog.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
The 'syscall' instruction clobbers '%rcx' and '%r11', but they are not
listed in the inline Assembly that performs the syscall instruction.
No real bug is found. It wasn't buggy by luck because '%rcx' and '%r11'
are caller-saved registers, and not used in the functions, and the
functions are never inlined.
Add them to the clobber list for code correctness.
Fixes: f1c2bb8b9964ed31de988910f8b1cfb586d30091 ("um: implement a x86_64 vDSO") Signed-off-by: Ammar Faizi <ammarfaizi2@gnuweeb.org> Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
$ top
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM COMMAND
7676 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 100.0 0.0 ubifs_bgt0_0
Fix it by:
1) Letting ubi_wl_put_peb() returns directly if wearl leveling entry has
been removed from 'ubi->lookuptbl'.
2) Using 'ubi->wl_lock' protecting wl entry deletion to preventing an
use-after-free problem for wl entry in ubi_wl_put_peb().
Fetch a reproducer in [Link].
Fixes: 43f9b25a9cdd7b1 ("UBI: bugfix: protect from volume removal") Fixes: ee59ba8b064f692 ("UBI: Fix stale pointers in ubi->lookuptbl") Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=216111 Signed-off-by: Zhihao Cheng <chengzhihao1@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Wear-leveling entry updating/accessing in ubi->lookuptbl should be
protected by ubi->wl_lock, fix it by adding ubi->wl_lock to serialize
wl entry accessing between wl_entry_destroy() and
eraseblk_count_seq_show().
Following process will cause a memleak for copied up znode:
dirty_cow_znode
zn = copy_znode(c, znode);
err = insert_old_idx(c, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
if (unlikely(err))
return ERR_PTR(err); // No one refers to zn.
Fix it by adding copied znode back to tnc, then it will be freed
by ubifs_destroy_tnc_subtree() while closing tnc.
Dirty znodes will be written on flash in committing process with
following states:
process A | znode state
------------------------------------------------------
do_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE
ubifs_tnc_start_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE
get_znodes_to_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE | COW_ZNODE
layout_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE | COW_ZNODE
fill_gap | 0
write master | 0 or OBSOLETE_ZNODE
process B | znode state
------------------------------------------------------
do_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE[1]
ubifs_tnc_start_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE
get_znodes_to_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE | COW_ZNODE
ubifs_tnc_end_commit | DIRTY_ZNODE | COW_ZNODE
write_index | 0
write master | 0 or OBSOLETE_ZNODE[2] or
| DIRTY_ZNODE[3]
[1] znode is dirtied without concurrent committing process
[2] znode is copied up (re-dirtied by other process) before cleaned
up in committing process
[3] znode is re-dirtied after cleaned up in committing process
Currently, the clean znode count is updated in free_obsolete_znodes(),
which is called only in normal path. If do_commit failed, clean znode
count won't be updated, which triggers a failure ubifs assertion[4] in
ubifs_tnc_close():
ubifs_assert_failed [ubifs]: UBIFS assert failed: freed == n
[4] Commit 380347e9ca7682 ("UBIFS: Add an assertion for clean_zn_cnt").
Fix it by re-statisticing cleaned znode count in tnc_destroy_cnext().
It willl cause null-ptr-deref in the following case:
uif_init()
ubi_add_volume()
cdev_add() -> if it fails, call kill_volumes()
device_register()
kill_volumes() -> if ubi_add_volume() fails call this function
ubi_free_volume()
cdev_del()
device_unregister() -> trying to delete a not added device,
it causes null-ptr-deref
So in ubi_free_volume(), it delete devices whether they are added
or not, it will causes null-ptr-deref.
Handle the error case whlie calling ubi_add_volume() to fix this
problem. If add volume fails, set the corresponding vol to null,
so it can not be accessed in kill_volumes() and release the
resource in ubi_add_volume() error path.
This is due to a mismatch between create and destroy interfaces, and
in detail that "new_eba_tbl" created by ubi_eba_create_table() but
destroyed by kfree(), while will causing "new_eba_tbl->entries" not
freed.
Fix it by replacing kfree(new_eba_tbl) with
ubi_eba_destroy_table(new_eba_tbl)
There is an use-after-free problem reported by KASAN:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ubi_eba_copy_table+0x11f/0x1c0 [ubi]
Read of size 8 at addr ffff888101eec008 by task ubirsvol/4735
When ubi_change_vtbl_record() returns an error in ubi_resize_volume(),
"new_eba_tbl" will be freed on error handing path, but it is holded
by "vol->eba_tbl" in ubi_eba_replace_table(). It means that the liftcycle
of "vol->eba_tbl" and "vol" are different, so when resizing volume in
next time, it causing an use-after-free fault.
Fix it by not freeing "new_eba_tbl" after it replaced in
ubi_eba_replace_table(), while will be freed in next volume resizing.
UBIFS calculates available space by c->main_bytes - c->lst.total_used
(which means non-index lebs' free and dirty space is accounted into
total available), then index lebs and four lebs (one for gc_lnum, one
for deletions, two for journal heads) are deducted.
In following situation, ubifs may get -ENOSPC from make_reservation():
LEB 84: DATAHD free 122880 used 1920 dirty 2176 dark 6144
LEB 110:DELETION free 126976 used 0 dirty 0 dark 6144 (empty)
LEB 201:gc_lnum free 126976 used 0 dirty 0 dark 6144
LEB 272:GCHD free 77824 used 47672 dirty 1480 dark 6144
LEB 356:BASEHD free 0 used 39776 dirty 87200 dark 6144
OTHERS: index lebs, zero-available non-index lebs
UBIFS calculates the available bytes is 6888 (How to calculate it:
126976 * 5[remain main bytes] - 1920[used] - 47672[used] - 39776[used] -
126976 * 1[deletions] - 126976 * 1[gc_lnum] - 126976 * 2[journal heads]
- 6144 * 5[dark] = 6888) after doing budget, however UBIFS cannot use
BASEHD's dirty space(87200), because UBIFS cannot find next BASEHD to
reclaim current BASEHD. (c->bi.min_idx_lebs equals to c->lst.idx_lebs,
the empty leb won't be found by ubifs_find_free_space(), and dirty index
lebs won't be picked as gced lebs. All non-index lebs has dirty space
less then c->dead_wm, non-index lebs won't be picked as gced lebs
either. So new free lebs won't be produced.). See more details in Link.
To fix it, reserve one leb for each journal head while doing budget.
If target inode is a special file (eg. block/char device) with nlink
count greater than 1, the inode with ui->data will be re-written on
disk. However, UBIFS losts target inode's data_len while doing space
budget. Bad space budget may let make_reservation() return with -ENOSPC,
which could turn ubifs to read-only mode in do_writepage() process.
Each dirty inode should reserve 'c->bi.inode_budget' bytes in space
budget calculation. Currently, space budget for dirty inode reports
more space than what UBIFS actually needs to write.
Fixes: 1e51764a3c2ac0 ("UBIFS: add new flash file system") Signed-off-by: Zhihao Cheng <chengzhihao1@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
There is no space budget for ubifs_xrename(). It may let
make_reservation() return with -ENOSPC, which could turn
ubifs to read-only mode in do_writepage() process.
Fix it by adding space budget for ubifs_xrename().
Fix bad space budget when symlink file is encrypted. Bad space budget
may let make_reservation() return with -ENOSPC, which could turn ubifs
to read-only mode in do_writepage() process.
Fetch a reproducer in [Link].
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=216490 Fixes: ca7f85be8d6cf9 ("ubifs: Add support for encrypted symlinks") Signed-off-by: Zhihao Cheng <chengzhihao1@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Ensure that the VID header offset + VID header size does not exceed
the allocated area to avoid slab OOB.
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in crc32_body lib/crc32.c:111 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in crc32_le_generic lib/crc32.c:179 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in crc32_le_base+0x58c/0x626 lib/crc32.c:197
Read of size 4 at addr ffff88802bb36f00 by task syz-executor136/1555
The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88802bb36e00
which belongs to the cache kmalloc-256 of size 256
The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of
256-byte region [ffff88802bb36e00, ffff88802bb36f00)
Memory state around the buggy address: ffff88802bb36e00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ffff88802bb36e80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
>ffff88802bb36f00: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
^ ffff88802bb36f80: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff88802bb37000: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
==================================================================
The ARR (auto reload register) and CMP (compare) registers are
successively written. The status bits to check the update of these
registers are polled together with regmap_read_poll_timeout().
The condition to end the loop may become true, even if one of the
register isn't correctly updated.
So ensure both status bits are set before clearing them.
The tcindex classifier has served us well for about a quarter of a century
but has not been getting much TLC due to lack of known users. Most recently
it has become easy prey to syzkaller. For this reason, we are retiring it.
Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Acked-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This code is executed by make at parse time and assumes that MAKEFLAGS
does not contain command line variable definitions.
Currently if the user defines a=s on the command line, then at build only
time MAKEFLAGS contains " -- a=s".
However, starting with commit dc2d963989b96161472b2cd38cef5d1f4851ea34
MAKEFLAGS contains command line definitions at both parse time and
build time.
This '-s' detection code then confuses a command line variable
definition which contains letter 's' with option -s.
$ # old make
$ make net/wireless/ocb.o a=s
CALL scripts/checksyscalls.sh
DESCEND objtool
$ # this a new make which defines makeflags at parse time
$ ~/src/gmake/make/l64/make net/wireless/ocb.o a=s
$
We can see here that the letter 's' from 'a=s' was confused with -s.
This patch checks for presence of -s using a method recommended by the
make manual here
https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Testing-Flags.
Link: https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-make/2022-11/msg00190.html Reported-by: Jan Palus <jpalus+gnu@fastmail.com> Signed-off-by: Dmitry Goncharov <dgoncharov@users.sf.net> Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
A previous cleanup patch accidentally broke some conditional
expressions by replacing the safe "do {} while (0)" constructs
with empty macros. gcc points this out when extra warnings
are enabled:
drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/hif_usb.c: In function 'ath9k_skb_queue_complete':
drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/hif_usb.c:251:57: error: suggest braces around empty body in an 'else' statement [-Werror=empty-body]
251 | TX_STAT_INC(hif_dev, skb_failed);
Make both sets of macros proper expressions again.
Fixes: d7fc76039b74 ("ath9k: htc: clean up statistics macros") Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Acked-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@toke.dk> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221215165553.1950307-1-arnd@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Apple iMac11,2 (mid 2010) also with Radeon HD-4670 that has the same
issue as iMac10,1 (late 2009) where the internal eDP panel stays dark on
driver load. This patch treats iMac11,2 the same as iMac10,1,
so the eDP panel stays active.
Additional steps:
Kernel boot parameter radeon.nomodeset=0 required to keep the eDP
panel active.
This patch is an extension of
commit 564d8a2cf3ab ("drm/radeon: Fix eDP for single-display iMac10,1 (v2)") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/lsq.1507553064.833262317@decadent.org.uk/ Signed-off-by: Mark Hawrylak <mark.hawrylak@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
PCI passthrough to VMs does not work with AMD FCH AHCI adapters: the guest
OS fails to correctly probe devices attached to the controller due to FIS
communication failures:
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in ses_enclosure_data_process+0x949/0xe30 [ses]
Read of size 1 at addr ffff88a1b043a451 by task systemd-udevd/3271
Checking after (and before in next loop) addl_desc_ptr[1] is sufficient, we
expect the size to be sanitized before first access to addl_desc_ptr[1].
Make sure we don't walk beyond end of page.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230202162451.15346-2-thenzl@redhat.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Tomas Henzl <thenzl@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
An enclosure with no components can't usefully be operated by the driver
(since effectively it has nothing to manage), so report the problem and
don't attach. Not attaching also fixes an oops which could occur if the
driver tries to manage a zero component enclosure.
[mkp: Switched to KERN_WARNING since this scenario is common]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/c5deac044ac409e32d9ad9968ce0dcbc996bfc7a.camel@linux.ibm.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Ding Hui <dinghui@sangfor.com.cn> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
If after an adapter reset the appearance of link is not recovered, the
devices are not rediscovered. This is result of a race condition between
adapter reset (abort_isp) and the topology scan. During adapter reset, the
ABORT_ISP_ACTIVE flag is set. Topology scan usually occurred after adapter
reset. In this case, the topology scan came earlier than usual where it
ran into problem due to ABORT_ISP_ACTIVE flag was still set.
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:13:00.0]-1005:1: Cmd 0x6a aborted with timeout since ISP Abort is pending
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:13:00.0]-28a0:1: MBX_GET_PORT_NAME failed, No FL Port.
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:13:00.0]-286b:1: qla2x00_configure_loop: exiting normally. local port wwpn 51402ec0123d9a80 id 012300)
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:13:00.0]-8017:1: ADAPTER RESET SUCCEEDED nexus=1:0:15.
Allow adapter reset to complete before any scan can start.
User experienced symptoms of adapter failure in NPIV environment. NPIV
hosts were allowed to trigger chip reset back to back due to NPIV link
state being slow to come online.
Fix link failure in NPIV environment by removing NPIV host from directly
being able to perform chip reset.
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:04:00.1]-6009:261: Loop down - aborting ISP.
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:04:00.1]-6009:262: Loop down - aborting ISP.
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:04:00.1]-6009:281: Loop down - aborting ISP.
kernel: qla2xxx [0000:04:00.1]-6009:285: Loop down - aborting ISP
There is a disconnect between the run_command function and the
wait_for_input. The wait_for_input has a default timeout of 2 minutes. But
if that happens, the run_command loop will exit out to the waitpid() of
the executing command. This fails in that it no longer monitors the
command, and also, the ssh to the test box can hang when its finished, as
it's waiting for the pipe it's writing to to flush, but the loop that
reads that pipe has already exited, leaving the command stuck, and the
test hangs.
Instead, make the default "wait_for_input" of the run_command infinite,
and allow the user to override it if they want with a default timeout
option "RUN_TIMEOUT".
But this fixes the hang that happens when the pipe is full and the ssh
session never exits.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 6e98d1b4415fe ("ktest: Add timeout to ssh command") Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
In the "reboot" command, it does a check of the machine to see if it is
still alive with a simple "ssh echo" command. If it fails, it will assume
that a normal "ssh reboot" is not possible and force a power cycle.
In this case, the "start_monitor" is executed, but the "end_monitor" is
not, and this causes the screen will not be given back to the console. That
is, after the test, a "reset" command needs to be performed, as "echo" is
turned off.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 6474ace999edd ("ktest.pl: Powercycle the box on reboot if no connection can be made") Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When monitoring the console output, the stdout is being redirected to do
so. If Ctrl^C is hit during this mode, the stdout is not back to the
console, the user does not see anything they type (no echo).
Add "end_monitor" to the SIGINT interrupt handler to give back the console
on Ctrl^C.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 9f2cdcbbb90e7 ("ktest: Give console process a dedicated tty") Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The implementation of syscall_get_nr on mips used to ignore the task
argument and return the syscall number of the calling thread instead of
the target thread.
The bug was exposed to user space by commit 201766a20e30f ("ptrace: add
PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO request") and detected by strace test suite.
Link: https://github.com/strace/strace/issues/235 Fixes: c2d9f1775731 ("MIPS: Fix syscall_get_nr for the syscall exit tracing.") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v3.19+ Co-developed-by: Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@strace.io> Signed-off-by: Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@strace.io> Signed-off-by: Elvira Khabirova <lineprinter0@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Type 3 instruction fault (FPU insn with FPU disabled) is handled
by quietly enabling FPU and returning. Which is fine, except that
we need to do that both for fault in userland and in the kernel;
the latter *can* legitimately happen - all it takes is this:
- call_pal CLRFEN to clear "FPU enabled" flag and arrange for
a signal delivery (SIGSEGV in this case).
Fixed by moving the handling of type 3 into the common part of
do_entIF(), before we check for kernel vs. user mode.
Incidentally, the check for kernel mode is unidiomatic; the normal
way to do that is !user_mode(regs). The difference is that
the open-coded variant treats any of bits 63..3 of regs->ps being
set as "it's user mode" while the normal approach is to check just
the bit 3. PS is a 4-bit register and regs->ps always will have
bits 63..4 clear, so the open-coded variant here is actually equivalent
to !user_mode(regs). Harder to follow, though...
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
If getting an ID or setting up a work queue in rbd_dev_create() fails,
use-after-free on rbd_dev->rbd_client, rbd_dev->spec and rbd_dev->opts
is triggered in do_rbd_add(). The root cause is that the ownership of
these structures is transfered to rbd_dev prematurely and they all end
up getting freed when rbd_dev_create() calls rbd_dev_free() prior to
returning to do_rbd_add().
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE, an
incomplete patch submitted by Natalia Petrova <n.petrova@fintech.ru>.
TMU node uses 0 as thermal-sensor-cells, thus thermal zone referencing
it must not have an argument to phandle. Since thermal-sensors property
is already defined in included exynosi5410.dtsi, drop it from
exynos5410-odroidxu.dts to fix the error and remoev redundancy.
Fixes: 88644b4c750b ("ARM: dts: exynos: Configure PWM, usb3503, PMIC and thermal on Odroid XU board") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230209105841.779596-4-krzysztof.kozlowski@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzysztof.kozlowski@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When we need to zero some range on a block device, the function
__blkdev_issue_zero_pages submits a write bio with the bio vector pointing
to the zero page. If we use dm-flakey with corrupt bio writes option, it
will corrupt the content of the zero page which results in crashes of
various userspace programs. Glibc assumes that memory returned by mmap is
zeroed and it uses it for calloc implementation; if the newly mapped
memory is not zeroed, calloc will return non-zeroed memory.
Fix this bug by testing if the page is equal to ZERO_PAGE(0) and
avoiding the corruption in this case.
If "corrupt_bio_byte" is set to corrupt reads and corrupt_bio_flags is
used, dm-flakey would erroneously return all writes as errors. Likewise,
if "corrupt_bio_byte" is set to corrupt writes, dm-flakey would return
errors for all reads.
Fix the logic so that if fc->corrupt_bio_byte is non-zero, dm-flakey
will not abort reads on writes with an error.
The Realtek rate control algorithm goes back and forth a lot between
the highest and the lowest rate it's allowed to use. This is due to
a lot of frames being dropped because the retry limits set by
IEEE80211_CONF_CHANGE_RETRY_LIMITS are too low. (Experimentally, they
are 4 for long frames and 7 for short frames.)
The vendor drivers hardcode the value 48 for both retry limits (for
station mode), which makes dropped frames very rare and thus the rate
control is more stable.
Because most Realtek chips handle the rate control in the firmware,
which can't be modified, ignore the limits set by
IEEE80211_CONF_CHANGE_RETRY_LIMITS and use the value 48 (set during
chip initialisation), same as the vendor drivers.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Bitterblue Smith <rtl8821cerfe2@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Ping-Ke Shih <pkshih@realtek.com> Signed-off-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/477d745b-6bac-111d-403c-487fc19aa30d@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Copy ea data from inode entry when expanding ea block if possible.
Then remove the ea entry if expansion success. Thus memcpy to a
temporary buffer may be avoided.
If the expansion fails, we do not need to recovery the removed ea
entry neither in this way.
If snd_ctl_add() fails in aureon_add_controls(), it immediately returns
and leaves ice->gpio_mutex locked. ice->gpio_mutex locks in
snd_ice1712_save_gpio_status and unlocks in
snd_ice1712_restore_gpio_status(ice).
It seems that the mutex is required only for aureon_cs8415_get(),
so snd_ice1712_restore_gpio_status(ice) can be placed
just after that. Compile tested only.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
The sanity check for an already mapped virq is done outside of the
irq_domain_mutex-protected section which means that an (unlikely) racing
association may not be detected.
Fix this by factoring out the association implementation, which will
also be used in a follow-on change to fix a shared-interrupt mapping
race.
Commit 98de59bfe4b2f ("take calculation of final prot in
security_mmap_file() into a helper") moved the code to update prot, to be
the actual protections applied to the kernel, to a new helper called
mmap_prot().
However, while without the helper ima_file_mmap() was getting the updated
prot, with the helper ima_file_mmap() gets the original prot, which
contains the protections requested by the application.
A possible consequence of this change is that, if an application calls
mmap() with only PROT_READ, and the kernel applies PROT_EXEC in addition,
that application would have access to executable memory without having this
event recorded in the IMA measurement list. This situation would occur for
example if the application, before mmap(), calls the personality() system
call with READ_IMPLIES_EXEC as the first argument.
Align ima_file_mmap() parameters with those of the mmap_file LSM hook, so
that IMA can receive both the requested prot and the final prot. Since the
requested protections are stored in a new variable, and the final
protections are stored in the existing variable, this effectively restores
the original behavior of the MMAP_CHECK hook.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 98de59bfe4b2 ("take calculation of final prot in security_mmap_file() into a helper") Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When plain IBRS is enabled (not enhanced IBRS), the logic in
spectre_v2_user_select_mitigation() determines that STIBP is not needed.
The IBRS bit implicitly protects against cross-thread branch target
injection. However, with legacy IBRS, the IBRS bit is cleared on
returning to userspace for performance reasons which leaves userspace
threads vulnerable to cross-thread branch target injection against which
STIBP protects.
Exclude IBRS from the spectre_v2_in_ibrs_mode() check to allow for
enabling STIBP (through seccomp/prctl() by default or always-on, if
selected by spectre_v2_user kernel cmdline parameter).
The AMD side of the loader has always claimed to support mixed
steppings. But somewhere along the way, it broke that by assuming that
the cached patch blob is a single one instead of it being one per
*node*.
So turn it into a per-node one so that each node can stash the blob
relevant for it.
[ NB: Fixes tag is not really the exactly correct one but it is good
enough. ]
Fixes: fe055896c040 ("x86/microcode: Merge the early microcode loader") Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> # 2355370cd941 ("x86/microcode/amd: Remove load_microcode_amd()'s bsp parameter") Cc: <stable@kernel.org> # a5ad92134bd1 ("x86/microcode/AMD: Add a @cpu parameter to the reloading functions") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230130161709.11615-4-bp@alien8.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When arch_prepare_optimized_kprobe calculating jump destination address,
it copies original instructions from jmp-optimized kprobe (see
__recover_optprobed_insn), and calculated based on length of original
instruction.
arch_check_optimized_kprobe does not check KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMATED when
checking whether jmp-optimized kprobe exists.
As a result, setup_detour_execution may jump to a range that has been
overwritten by jump destination address, resulting in an inval opcode error.
For example, assume that register two kprobes whose addresses are
<func+9> and <func+11> in "func" function.
The original code of "func" function is as follows:
2. Register the kprobe for <func+9>, assume that is kp2, corresponding optimized_kprobe is op2.
register_kprobe(kp2)
register_aggr_kprobe
alloc_aggr_kprobe
__prepare_optimized_kprobe
arch_prepare_optimized_kprobe
__recover_optprobed_insn // copy original bytes from kp1->optinsn.copied_insn,
// jump address = <func+14>
3. disable kp1:
disable_kprobe(kp1)
__disable_kprobe
...
if (p == orig_p || aggr_kprobe_disabled(orig_p)) {
ret = disarm_kprobe(orig_p, true) // add op1 in unoptimizing_list, not unoptimized
orig_p->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; // op1->flags == KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMATED | KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED
...
4. unregister kp2
__unregister_kprobe_top
...
if (!kprobe_disabled(ap) && !kprobes_all_disarmed) {
optimize_kprobe(op)
...
if (arch_check_optimized_kprobe(op) < 0) // because op1 has KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED, here not return
return;
p->kp.flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED; // now op2 has KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED
}
commit f66c0447cca1 ("kprobes: Set unoptimized flag after unoptimizing code")
modified the update timing of the KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED, a optimized_kprobe
may be in the optimizing or unoptimizing state when op.kp->flags
has KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED and op->list is not empty.
The __recover_optprobed_insn check logic is incorrect, a kprobe in the
unoptimizing state may be incorrectly determined as unoptimizing.
As a result, incorrect instructions are copied.
The optprobe_queued_unopt function needs to be exported for invoking in
arch directory.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230216034247.32348-2-yangjihong1@huawei.com/ Fixes: f66c0447cca1 ("kprobes: Set unoptimized flag after unoptimizing code") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com> Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Disable SVM and more importantly force GIF=1 when halting a CPU or
rebooting the machine. Similar to VMX, SVM allows software to block
INITs via CLGI, and thus can be problematic for a crash/reboot. The
window for failure is smaller with SVM as INIT is only blocked while
GIF=0, i.e. between CLGI and STGI, but the window does exist.
Fixes: fba4f472b33a ("x86/reboot: Turn off KVM when halting a CPU") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221130233650.1404148-5-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>