The cpu_online() function can return values other than 0 and 1, which
can result in subscript overflow when applied to a two-element array.
This commit allows for this behavior by using "!!" on the return value
from cpu_online() when used as a subscript.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: "Rantala, Tommi" <tommi.t.rantala@nokia.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Since commit 7969e5c40dfd ("ip: discard IPv4 datagrams with overlapping
segments.") IPv4 reassembly code drops the whole queue whenever an
overlapping fragment is received. However, the test is written in a way
which detects duplicate fragments as overlapping so that in environments
with many duplicate packets, fragmented packets may be undeliverable.
Add an extra test and for (potentially) duplicate fragment, only drop the
new fragment rather than the whole queue. Only starting offset and length
are checked, not the contents of the fragments as that would be too
expensive. For similar reason, linear list ("run") of a rbtree node is not
iterated, we only check if the new fragment is a subset of the interval
covered by existing consecutive fragments.
v2: instead of an exact check iterating through linear list of an rbtree
node, only check if the new fragment is subset of the "run" (suggested
by Eric Dumazet)
Fixes: 7969e5c40dfd ("ip: discard IPv4 datagrams with overlapping segments.") Signed-off-by: Michal Kubecek <mkubecek@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4:
- goto discard_qp, not err, in case of overlap
- Set err earlier variable, as done upstream in commit 0ff89efb5246
"ip: fail fast on IP defrag errors"] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We've been getting checksum errors involving small UDP packets, usually
59B packets with 1 extra non-zero padding byte. netdev_rx_csum_fault()
has been complaining that HW is providing bad checksums. Turns out the
problem is in pskb_trim_rcsum_slow(), introduced in commit 88078d98d1bb
("net: pskb_trim_rcsum() and CHECKSUM_COMPLETE are friends").
The source of the problem is that when the bytes we are trimming start
at an odd address, as in the case of the 1 padding byte above,
skb_checksum() returns a byte-swapped value. We cannot just combine this
with skb->csum using csum_sub(). We need to use csum_block_sub() here
that takes into account the parity of the start address and handles the
swapping.
Matches existing code in __skb_postpull_rcsum() and esp_remove_trailer().
Fixes: 88078d98d1bb ("net: pskb_trim_rcsum() and CHECKSUM_COMPLETE are friends") Signed-off-by: Dimitris Michailidis <dmichail@google.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Multiple cpus might attempt to insert a new fragment in rhashtable,
if for example RPS is buggy, as reported by 배석진 in
https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/994601/
We use rhashtable_lookup_get_insert_key() instead of
rhashtable_insert_fast() to let cpus losing the race
free their own inet_frag_queue and use the one that
was inserted by another cpu.
Fixes: 648700f76b03 ("inet: frags: use rhashtables for reassembly units") Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Reported-by: 배석진 <soukjin.bae@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We accidentally removed the parentheses here, but they are required
because '!' has higher precedence than '&'.
Fixes: fa0f527358bd ("ip: use rb trees for IP frag queue.") Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
A kernel crash occurrs when defragmented packet is fragmented
in ip_do_fragment().
In defragment routine, skb_orphan() is called and
skb->ip_defrag_offset is set. but skb->sk and
skb->ip_defrag_offset are same union member. so that
frag->sk is not NULL.
Hence crash occurrs in skb->sk check routine in ip_do_fragment() when
defragmented packet is fragmented.
v2:
- clear skb->sk at reassembly routine.(Eric Dumarzet)
Fixes: fa0f527358bd ("ip: use rb trees for IP frag queue.") Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: Taehee Yoo <ap420073@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This patch changes the runtime behavior of IP defrag queue:
incoming in-order fragments are added to the end of the current
list/"run" of in-order fragments at the tail.
On some workloads, UDP stream performance is substantially improved:
Reported-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Oskolkov <posk@google.com> Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This patch introduces several helper functions/macros that will be
used in the follow-up patch. No runtime changes yet.
The new logic (fully implemented in the second patch) is as follows:
* Nodes in the rb-tree will now contain not single fragments, but lists
of consecutive fragments ("runs").
* At each point in time, the current "active" run at the tail is
maintained/tracked. Fragments that arrive in-order, adjacent
to the previous tail fragment, are added to this tail run without
triggering the re-balancing of the rb-tree.
* If a fragment arrives out of order with the offset _before_ the tail run,
it is inserted into the rb-tree as a single fragment.
* If a fragment arrives after the current tail fragment (with a gap),
it starts a new "tail" run, as is inserted into the rb-tree
at the end as the head of the new run.
skb->cb is used to store additional information
needed here (suggested by Eric Dumazet).
Reported-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Oskolkov <posk@google.com> Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Similar to TCP OOO RX queue, it makes sense to use rb trees to store
IP fragments, so that OOO fragments are inserted faster.
Tested:
- a follow-up patch contains a rather comprehensive ip defrag
self-test (functional)
- ran neper `udp_stream -c -H <host> -F 100 -l 300 -T 20`:
netstat --statistics
Ip: 282078937 total packets received
0 forwarded
0 incoming packets discarded
946760 incoming packets delivered 18743456 requests sent out
101 fragments dropped after timeout 282077129 reassemblies required
944952 packets reassembled ok 262734239 packet reassembles failed
(The numbers/stats above are somewhat better re:
reassemblies vs a kernel without this patchset. More
comprehensive performance testing TBD).
Reported-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Reported-by: Juha-Matti Tilli <juha-matti.tilli@iki.fi> Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Oskolkov <posk@google.com> Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4:
- Keep using frag_kfree_skb() in inet_frag_destroy()
- Adjust context] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
After working on IP defragmentation lately, I found that some large
packets defeat CHECKSUM_COMPLETE optimization because of NIC adding
zero paddings on the last (small) fragment.
While removing the padding with pskb_trim_rcsum(), we set skb->ip_summed
to CHECKSUM_NONE, forcing a full csum validation, even if all prior
fragments had CHECKSUM_COMPLETE set.
We can instead compute the checksum of the part we are trimming,
usually smaller than the part we keep.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
don't bother with pathological cases, they only waste cycles.
IPv6 requires a minimum MTU of 1280 so we should never see fragments
smaller than this (except last frag).
v3: don't use awkward "-offset + len"
v2: drop IPv4 part, which added same check w. IPV4_MIN_MTU (68).
There were concerns that there could be even smaller frags
generated by intermediate nodes, e.g. on radio networks.
Cc: Peter Oskolkov <posk@google.com> Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4: In nf_ct_frag6_gather() use clone instead of skb,
and goto ret_orig in case of error] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Oskolkov <posk@google.com> Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This behavior is required in IPv6, and there is little need
to tolerate overlapping fragments in IPv4. This change
simplifies the code and eliminates potential DDoS attack vectors.
Tested: ran ip_defrag selftest (not yet available uptream).
Suggested-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Peter Oskolkov <posk@google.com> Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Acked-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4:
- s/__IP_INC_STATS/IP_INC_STATS_BH/
- Deleted code is slightly different] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Giving an integer to proc_doulongvec_minmax() is dangerous on 64bit arches,
since linker might place next to it a non zero value preventing a change
to ip6frag_low_thresh.
ip6frag_low_thresh is not used anymore in the kernel, but we do not
want to prematuraly break user scripts wanting to change it.
Since specifying a minimal value of 0 for proc_doulongvec_minmax()
is moot, let's remove these zero values in all defrag units.
Fixes: 6e00f7dd5e4e ("ipv6: frags: fix /proc/sys/net/ipv6/ip6frag_low_thresh") Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Reported-by: Maciej Żenczykowski <maze@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
ip_defrag uses skb->cb[] to store the fragment offset, and unfortunately
this integer is currently in a different cache line than skb->next,
meaning that we use two cache lines per skb when finding the insertion point.
By aliasing skb->ip_defrag_offset and skb->dev, we pack all the fields
in a single cache line and save precious memory bandwidth.
Note that after the fast path added by Changli Gao in commit d6bebca92c66 ("fragment: add fast path for in-order fragments")
this change wont help the fast path, since we still need
to access prev->len (2nd cache line), but will show great
benefits when slow path is entered, since we perform
a linear scan of a potentially long list.
Also, note that this potential long list is an attack vector,
we might consider also using an rb-tree there eventually.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Put the read-mostly fields in a separate cache line
at the beginning of struct netns_frags, to reduce
false sharing noticed in inet_frag_kill()
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4: adjust context] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
While under frags DDOS I noticed unfortunate false sharing between
@nelems and @params.automatic_shrinking
Move @nelems at the end of struct rhashtable so that first cache line
is shared between all cpus, because almost never dirtied.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Make it similar to IPv4 ip_expire(), and release the lock
before calling icmp functions.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4: adjust context] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
An skb_clone() was added in commit ec4fbd64751d ("inet: frag: release
spinlock before calling icmp_send()")
While fixing the bug at that time, it also added a very high cost
for DDOS frags, as the ICMP rate limit is applied after this
expensive operation (skb_clone() + consume_skb(), implying memory
allocations, copy, and freeing)
We can use skb_get(head) here, all we want is to make sure skb wont
be freed by another cpu.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This function is obsolete, after rhashtable addition to inet defrag.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This refactors ip_expire() since one indentation level is removed.
Note: in the future, we should try hard to avoid the skb_clone()
since this is a serious performance cost.
Under DDOS, the ICMP message wont be sent because of rate limits.
Fact that ip6_expire_frag_queue() does not use skb_clone() is
disturbing too. Presumably IPv6 should have the same
issue than the one we fixed in commit ec4fbd64751d
("inet: frag: release spinlock before calling icmp_send()")
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4: adjust context] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Also since we use rhashtable we can bring back the number of fragments
in "grep FRAG /proc/net/sockstat /proc/net/sockstat6" that was
removed in commit 434d305405ab ("inet: frag: don't account number
of fragment queues")
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Setting the low threshold to 0 has no effect on frags allocation,
we need to clear high_thresh instead.
The code was pre-existent to commit 648700f76b03 ("inet: frags:
use rhashtables for reassembly units"), but before the above,
such assignment had a different role: prevent concurrent eviction
from the worker and the netns cleanup helper.
Fixes: 648700f76b03 ("inet: frags: use rhashtables for reassembly units") Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This patch initialize stack variables which are used in
frag_lowpan_compare_key to zero. In my case there are padding bytes in the
structures ieee802154_addr as well in frag_lowpan_compare_key. Otherwise
the key variable contains random bytes. The result is that a compare of
two keys by memcmp works incorrect.
Fixes: 648700f76b03 ("inet: frags: use rhashtables for reassembly units") Signed-off-by: Alexander Aring <aring@mojatatu.com> Reported-by: Stefan Schmidt <stefan@osg.samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Schmidt <stefan@osg.samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Some applications still rely on IP fragmentation, and to be fair linux
reassembly unit is not working under any serious load.
It uses static hash tables of 1024 buckets, and up to 128 items per bucket (!!!)
A work queue is supposed to garbage collect items when host is under memory
pressure, and doing a hash rebuild, changing seed used in hash computations.
This work queue blocks softirqs for up to 25 ms when doing a hash rebuild,
occurring every 5 seconds if host is under fire.
Then there is the problem of sharing this hash table for all netns.
It is time to switch to rhashtables, and allocate one of them per netns
to speedup netns dismantle, since this is a critical metric these days.
Lookup is now using RCU. A followup patch will even remove
the refcount hold/release left from prior implementation and save
a couple of atomic operations.
Before this patch, 16 cpus (16 RX queue NIC) could not handle more
than 1 Mpps frags DDOS.
After the patch, I reach 9 Mpps without any tuning, and can use up to 2GB
of storage for the fragments (exact number depends on frags being evicted
after timeout)
Rehashing and destroying large hash table takes a lot of time,
and happens in process context. It is safe to add cond_resched()
in rhashtable_rehash_table() and rhashtable_free_and_destroy()
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Acked-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This patch modifies __rhashtable_insert_fast() so it returns the
existing object that clashes with the one that you want to insert.
In case the object is successfully inserted, NULL is returned.
Otherwise, you get an error via ERR_PTR().
This patch adapts the existing callers of __rhashtable_insert_fast()
so they handle this new logic, and it adds a new
rhashtable_lookup_get_insert_key() interface to fetch this existing
object.
nf_tables needs this change to improve handling of EEXIST cases via
honoring the NLM_F_EXCL flag and by checking if the data part of the
mapping matches what we have.
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch> Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org> Acked-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We want to call lowpan_net_frag_init() earlier.
Similar to commit "inet: frags: refactor ipv6_frag_init()"
This is a prereq to "inet: frags: use rhashtables for reassembly units"
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This is a prereq to "inet: frags: use rhashtables for reassembly units"
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4: Also delete a redundant assignment to
ip6_frags.skb_free] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We need to call inet_frags_init() before register_pernet_subsys(),
as a prereq for following patch ("inet: frags: use rhashtables for reassembly units")
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
[bwh: Backported to 4.4: inet_frag_{kill,put}() are called in some
different places; update all calls] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We will soon initialize one rhashtable per struct netns_frags
in inet_frags_init_net().
This patch changes the return value to eventually propagate an
error.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We recently had an oops reported on a 4.14 kernel in
xfs_reclaim_inodes_count() where sb->s_fs_info pointed to garbage
and so the m_perag_tree lookup walked into lala land. It produces
an oops down this path during the failed mount:
The problem is that the superblock shrinker is running before the
filesystem structures it depends on have been fully set up. i.e.
the shrinker is registered in sget(), before ->fill_super() has been
called, and the shrinker can call into the filesystem before
fill_super() does it's setup work. Essentially we are exposed to
both use-after-free and use-before-initialisation bugs here.
To fix this, add a check for the SB_BORN flag in super_cache_count.
In general, this flag is not set until ->fs_mount() completes
successfully, so we know that it is set after the filesystem
setup has completed. This matches the trylock_super() behaviour
which will not let super_cache_scan() run if SB_BORN is not set, and
hence will not allow the superblock shrinker from entering the
filesystem while it is being set up or after it has failed setup
and is being torn down.
Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-Off-By: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We had a race in the old balloon compaction code before b1123ea6d3b3
("mm: balloon: use general non-lru movable page feature") refactored it
that became visible after backporting 195a8c43e93d ("virtio-balloon:
deflate via a page list") without the refactoring.
The bug existed from commit d6d86c0a7f8d ("mm/balloon_compaction:
redesign ballooned pages management") till b1123ea6d3b3 ("mm: balloon:
use general non-lru movable page feature"). d6d86c0a7f8d
("mm/balloon_compaction: redesign ballooned pages management") was
backported to 3.12, so the broken kernels are stable kernels [3.12 -
4.7].
There was a subtle race between dropping the page lock of the newpage in
__unmap_and_move() and checking for __is_movable_balloon_page(newpage).
Just after dropping this page lock, virtio-balloon could go ahead and
deflate the newpage, effectively dequeueing it and clearing PageBalloon,
in turn making __is_movable_balloon_page(newpage) fail.
This resulted in dropping the reference of the newpage via
putback_lru_page(newpage) instead of put_page(newpage), leading to
page->lru getting modified and a !LRU page ending up in the LRU lists.
With 195a8c43e93d ("virtio-balloon: deflate via a page list")
backported, one would suddenly get corrupted lists in
release_pages_balloon():
- WARNING: CPU: 13 PID: 6586 at lib/list_debug.c:59 __list_del_entry+0xa1/0xd0
- list_del corruption. prev->next should be ffffe253961090a0, but was dead000000000100
Nowadays this race is no longer possible, but it is hidden behind very
ugly handling of __ClearPageMovable() and __PageMovable().
__ClearPageMovable() will not make __PageMovable() fail, only
PageMovable(). So the new check (__PageMovable(newpage)) will still
hold even after newpage was dequeued by virtio-balloon.
If anybody would ever change that special handling, the BUG would be
introduced again. So instead, make it explicit and use the information
of the original isolated page before migration.
This patch can be backported fairly easy to stable kernels (in contrast
to the refactoring).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190129233217.10747-1-david@redhat.com Fixes: d6d86c0a7f8d ("mm/balloon_compaction: redesign ballooned pages management") Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reported-by: Vratislav Bendel <vbendel@redhat.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vratislav Bendel <vbendel@redhat.com> Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <k.khlebnikov@samsung.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.12 - 4.7] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
For devices with a class, we create a "glue" directory between
the parent device and the new device with the class name.
This directory is never "explicitely" removed when empty however,
this is left to the implicit sysfs removal done by kobject_release()
when the object loses its last reference via kobject_put().
This is problematic because as long as it's not been removed from
sysfs, it is still present in the class kset and in sysfs directory
structure.
The presence in the class kset exposes a use after free bug fixed
by the previous patch, but the presence in sysfs means that until
the kobject is released, which can take a while (especially with
kobject debugging), any attempt at re-creating such as binding a
new device for that class/parent pair, will result in a sysfs
duplicate file name error.
This fixes it by instead doing an explicit kobject_del() when
the glue dir is empty, by keeping track of the number of
child devices of the gluedir.
This is made easy by the fact that all glue dir operations are
done with a global mutex, and there's already a function
(cleanup_glue_dir) called in all the right places taking that
mutex that can be enhanced for this. It appears that this was
in fact the intent of the function, but the implementation was
wrong.
In case a hostname resolves to a different IP address (e.g. long
running mounts), make sure to resolve it every time prior to calling
generic_ip_connect() in reconnect.
Suggested-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Paulo Alcantara <palcantara@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Pavel Shilovsky <pshilov@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Syzbot instance running on upstream kernel found a use-after-free bug in
oom_kill_process. On further inspection it seems like the process
selected to be oom-killed has exited even before reaching
read_lock(&tasklist_lock) in oom_kill_process(). More specifically the
tsk->usage is 1 which is due to get_task_struct() in oom_evaluate_task()
and the put_task_struct within for_each_thread() frees the tsk and
for_each_thread() tries to access the tsk. The easiest fix is to do
get/put across the for_each_thread() on the selected task.
Now the next question is should we continue with the oom-kill as the
previously selected task has exited? However before adding more
complexity and heuristics, let's answer why we even look at the children
of oom-kill selected task? The select_bad_process() has already selected
the worst process in the system/memcg. Due to race, the selected
process might not be the worst at the kill time but does that matter?
The userspace can use the oom_score_adj interface to prefer children to
be killed before the parent. I looked at the history but it seems like
this is there before git history.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190121215850.221745-1-shakeelb@google.com Reported-by: syzbot+7fbbfa368521945f0e3d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Fixes: 6b0c81b3be11 ("mm, oom: reduce dependency on tasklist_lock") Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Reviewed-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Currently, exit_ptrace() adds all ptraced tasks in a dead list, then
zap_pid_ns_processes() waits on all tasks in a current pidns, and only
then are tasks from the dead list released.
zap_pid_ns_processes() can get stuck on waiting tasks from the dead
list. In this case, we will have one unkillable process with one or
more dead children.
Thanks to Oleg for the advice to release tasks in find_child_reaper().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190110175200.12442-1-avagin@gmail.com Fixes: 7c8bd2322c7f ("exit: ptrace: shift "reap dead" code from exit_ptrace() to forget_original_parent()") Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <avagin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We need to handle mmc_of_parse() errors during probe.
This finally fixes the wifi regression on Raspberry Pi 3 series.
In error case the wifi chip was permanently in reset because of
the power sequence depending on the deferred probe of the GPIO expander.
According to Asus firmware engineers, the meaning of these codes is only
to notify the OS that the screen brightness has been turned on/off by
the EC. This does not match the meaning of KEY_DISPLAYTOGGLE /
KEY_DISPLAY_OFF, where userspace is expected to change the display
brightness.
Signed-off-by: João Paulo Rechi Vita <jprvita@endlessm.com> Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
When the OS registers to handle events from the display off hotkey the
EC will send a notification with 0x35 for every key press, independent
of the backlight state.
The behavior of this key on Windows, with the ATKACPI driver from Asus
installed, is turning off the backlight of all connected displays with a
fading effect, and any cursor input or key press turning the backlight
back on. The key press or cursor input that wakes up the display is also
passed through to the application under the cursor or under focus.
The key that matches this behavior the closest is KEY_SCREENLOCK.
Signed-off-by: João Paulo Rechi Vita <jprvita@endlessm.com> Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
It turns out that the fix can lead to a ~20 percent performance regression
in initial writes to the page cache according to iozone. Let's revert this
for now to have more time for a proper fix.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.13+ Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The hyp-stub is loaded by the kernel's early startup code at EL2
during boot, before KVM takes ownership later. The hyp-stub's
text is part of the regular kernel text, meaning it can be kprobed.
A breakpoint in the hyp-stub causes the CPU to spin in el2_sync_invalid.
Add it to the __hyp_text.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Originally, cns3xxx used its own functions for mapping, reading and
writing config registers.
Commit 802b7c06adc7 ("ARM: cns3xxx: Convert PCI to use generic config
accessors") removed the internal PCI config write function in favor of
the generic one:
cns3xxx_pci_write_config() expected aligned addresses, being produced by
cns3xxx_pci_map_bus() while the generic one pci_generic_config_write()
actually expects the real address as both the function and hardware are
capable of byte-aligned writes.
This currently leads to pci_generic_config_write() writing to the wrong
registers.
For instance, upon ath9k module loading:
- driver ath9k gets loaded
- The driver wants to write value 0xA8 to register PCI_LATENCY_TIMER,
located at 0x0D
- cns3xxx_pci_map_bus() aligns the address to 0x0C
- pci_generic_config_write() effectively writes 0xA8 into register 0x0C
(CACHE_LINE_SIZE)
Fix the bug by removing the alignment in the cns3xxx mapping function.
Fixes: 802b7c06adc7 ("ARM: cns3xxx: Convert PCI to use generic config accessors") Signed-off-by: Koen Vandeputte <koen.vandeputte@ncentric.com>
[lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com: updated commit log] Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com> Acked-by: Krzysztof Halasa <khalasa@piap.pl> Acked-by: Tim Harvey <tharvey@gateworks.com> Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> CC: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.0+ CC: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> CC: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net> CC: Robin Leblon <robin.leblon@ncentric.com> CC: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org> CC: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The nr_dentry_unused per-cpu counter tracks dentries in both the LRU
lists and the shrink lists where the DCACHE_LRU_LIST bit is set.
The shrink_dcache_sb() function moves dentries from the LRU list to a
shrink list and subtracts the dentry count from nr_dentry_unused. This
is incorrect as the nr_dentry_unused count will also be decremented in
shrink_dentry_list() via d_shrink_del().
To fix this double decrement, the decrement in the shrink_dcache_sb()
function is taken out.
Fixes: 4e717f5c1083 ("list_lru: remove special case function list_lru_dispose_all." Cc: stable@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Shilovsky <pshilov@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com> CC: Stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Use pskb_may_pull() to make sure the optional fields are in skb linear
parts, so we can safely read them later.
It's easy to reproduce the issue with a net driver that supports paged
skb data. Just create a L2TPv3 over IP tunnel and then generates some
network traffic.
Once reproduced, rx err in /sys/kernel/debug/l2tp/tunnels will increase.
Changes in v4:
1. s/l2tp_v3_pull_opt/l2tp_v3_ensure_opt_in_linear/
2. s/tunnel->version != L2TP_HDR_VER_2/tunnel->version == L2TP_HDR_VER_3/
3. Add 'Fixes' in commit messages.
Changes in v3:
1. To keep consistency, move the code out of l2tp_recv_common.
2. Use "net" instead of "net-next", since this is a bug fix.
Changes in v2:
1. Only fix L2TPv3 to make code simple.
To fix both L2TPv3 and L2TPv2, we'd better refactor l2tp_recv_common.
It's complicated to do so.
2. Reloading pointers after pskb_may_pull
Fixes: f7faffa3ff8e ("l2tp: Add L2TPv3 protocol support") Fixes: 0d76751fad77 ("l2tp: Add L2TPv3 IP encapsulation (no UDP) support") Fixes: a32e0eec7042 ("l2tp: introduce L2TPv3 IP encapsulation support for IPv6") Signed-off-by: Jacob Wen <jian.w.wen@oracle.com> Acked-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Remove l2specific_len dependency while building l2tpv3 header or
parsing the received frame since default L2-Specific Sublayer is
always four bytes long and we don't need to rely on a user supplied
value.
Moreover in l2tp netlink code there are no sanity checks to
enforce the relation between l2specific_len and l2specific_type,
so sending a malformed netlink message is possible to set
l2specific_type to L2TP_L2SPECTYPE_DEFAULT (or even
L2TP_L2SPECTYPE_NONE) and set l2specific_len to a value greater than
4 leaking memory on the wire and sending corrupted frames.
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Nault <g.nault@alphalink.fr> Tested-by: Guillaume Nault <g.nault@alphalink.fr> Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo.bianconi@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
After a timeout event caused by for example a broadcast storm, when
the MAC and PHY are reset, the BQL TX queue needs to be reset as
well. Otherwise, the device will exhibit severe performance issues
even after the storm has ended.
Co-authored-by: David Gounaris <david.gounaris@infinera.com> Signed-off-by: Mathias Thore <mathias.thore@infinera.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When an internally generated frame is handled by rose_xmit(),
rose_route_frame() is called:
if (!rose_route_frame(skb, NULL)) {
dev_kfree_skb(skb);
stats->tx_errors++;
return NETDEV_TX_OK;
}
We have the same code sequence in Net/Rom where an internally generated
frame is handled by nr_xmit() calling nr_route_frame(skb, NULL).
However, in this function NULL argument is tested while it is not in
rose_route_frame().
Then kernel panic occurs later on when calling ax25cmp() with a NULL
ax25_cb argument as reported many times and recently with syzbot.
We need to test if ax25 is NULL before using it.
Testing:
Built kernel with CONFIG_ROSE=y.
Signed-off-by: Bernard Pidoux <f6bvp@free.fr> Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Reported-by: syzbot+1a2c456a1ea08fa5b5f7@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Bernard Pidoux <f6bvp@free.fr> Cc: linux-hams@vger.kernel.org Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Driver reads the query HCA capabilities without the corresponding masks.
Without the correct masks, the base addresses of the queues are
unaligned. In addition some reserved bits were wrongly read. Using the
correct masks, ensures alignment of the base addresses and allows future
firmware versions safe use of the reserved bits.
Fixes: ab9c17a009ee ("mlx4_core: Modify driver initialization flow to accommodate SRIOV for Ethernet") Fixes: 0ff1fb654bec ("{NET, IB}/mlx4: Add device managed flow steering firmware API") Signed-off-by: Aya Levin <ayal@mellanox.com> Signed-off-by: Tariq Toukan <tariqt@mellanox.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The size of L2TPv2 header with all optional fields is 14 bytes.
l2tp_udp_recv_core only moves 10 bytes to the linear part of a
skb. This may lead to l2tp_recv_common read data outside of a skb.
This patch make sure that there is at least 14 bytes in the linear
part of a skb to meet the maximum need of l2tp_udp_recv_core and
l2tp_recv_common. The minimum size of both PPP HDLC-like frame and
Ethernet frame is larger than 14 bytes, so we are safe to do so.
Also remove L2TP_HDR_SIZE_NOSEQ, it is unused now.
Fixes: fd558d186df2 ("l2tp: Split pppol2tp patch into separate l2tp and ppp parts") Suggested-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jacob Wen <jian.w.wen@oracle.com> Acked-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
IPv6 does not consider if the socket is bound to a device when binding
to an address. The result is that a socket can be bound to eth0 and then
bound to the address of eth1. If the device is a VRF, the result is that
a socket can only be bound to an address in the default VRF.
Resolve by considering the device if sk_bound_dev_if is set.
This problem exists from the beginning of git history.
Signed-off-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
A bug has been discovered when redirecting splice output to regular files
on EXT4 and tmpfs. Other filesystems might be affected.
This commit fixes the issue for stable series kernel, using one of the
change introduced during the rewrite and refactoring of vfs_iter_write in
4.13, specifically in the
commit abbb65899aec ("fs: implement vfs_iter_write using do_iter_write").
This issue affects v4.4 and v4.9 stable series of kernels.
Without this fix for v4.4 and v4.9 stable, the following upstream commits
(and their dependencies would need to be backported):
* commit abbb65899aec ("fs: implement vfs_iter_write using do_iter_write")
* commit 18e9710ee59c ("fs: implement vfs_iter_read using do_iter_read")
* commit edab5fe38c2c
("fs: move more code into do_iter_read/do_iter_write")
* commit 19c735868dd0 ("fs: remove __do_readv_writev")
* commit 26c87fb7d10d ("fs: remove do_compat_readv_writev")
* commit 251b42a1dc64 ("fs: remove do_readv_writev")
as well as the following dependencies:
* commit bb7462b6fd64
("vfs: use helpers for calling f_op->{read,write}_iter()")
* commit 0f78d06ac1e9
("vfs: pass type instead of fn to do_{loop,iter}_readv_writev()")
* commit 7687a7a4435f
("vfs: extract common parts of {compat_,}do_readv_writev()")
In order to reduce the changes, this commit uses only the part of
commit abbb65899aec ("fs: implement vfs_iter_write using do_iter_write")
that fixes the issue.
This issue and the reproducer can be found on
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=85381
Reported-by: Richard Li <richardpku@gmail.com> Reported-by: Chad Miller <millchad@amazon.com> Reviewed-by: Stefan Nuernberger <snu@amazon.de> Reviewed-by: Frank Becker <becke@amazon.de> Signed-off-by: Jimmy Durand Wesolowski <jdw@amazon.de>
When calling smp_call_ipl_cpu() from the IPL CPU, we will try to read
from pcpu_devices->lowcore. However, due to prefixing, that will result
in reading from absolute address 0 on that CPU. We have to go via the
actual lowcore instead.
This means that right now, we will read lc->nodat_stack == 0 and
therfore work on a very wrong stack.
This BUG essentially broke rebooting under QEMU TCG (which will report
a low address protection exception). And checking under KVM, it is
also broken under KVM. With 1 VCPU it can be easily triggered.
It is not needed in the 4.4.y tree at this point in time.
Reported-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The function truncate_node frees the page with f2fs_put_page. However,
the page index is read after that. So, the patch reads the index before
freeing the page.
Fixes: bf39c00a9a7f ("f2fs: drop obsolete node page when it is truncated") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Pan Bian <bianpan2016@163.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sudip Mukherjee <sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
__sync_icache_dcache unconditionally skips the cache maintenance for
anonymous pages, under the assumption that flushing is only required in
the presence of D-side aliases [see 7249b79f6b4cc ("arm64: Do not flush
the D-cache for anonymous pages")].
Unfortunately, this breaks migration of anonymous pages holding
self-modifying code, where userspace cannot be reasonably expected to
reissue maintenance instructions in response to a migration.
This patch fixes the problem by removing the broken page_mapping(page)
check from the cache syncing code, otherwise we may end up fetching and
executing stale instructions from the PoU.
The way we allocate events works fine in most cases, except
when multiple PCI devices share an ITS-visible DevID, and that
one of them is trying to use MultiMSI allocation.
In that case, our allocation is not guaranteed to be zero-based
anymore, and we have to make sure we allocate it on a boundary
that is compatible with the PCI Multi-MSI constraints.
Fix this by allocating the full region upfront instead of iterating
over the number of MSIs. MSI-X are always allocated one by one,
so this shouldn't change anything on that front.
libdwfl parses an ELF file itself and creates mappings for the
individual sections. perf on the other hand sees raw mmap events which
represent individual sections. When we encounter an address pointing
into a mapping with pgoff != 0, we must take that into account and
report the file at the non-offset base address.
This fixes unwinding with libdwfl in some cases. E.g. for a file like:
```
using namespace std;
mutex g_mutex;
double worker()
{
lock_guard<mutex> guard(g_mutex);
uniform_real_distribution<double> uniform(-1E5, 1E5);
default_random_engine engine;
double s = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
s += norm(complex<double>(uniform(engine), uniform(engine)));
}
cout << s << endl;
return s;
}
int main()
{
vector<std::future<double>> results;
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; ++i) {
results.push_back(async(launch::async, worker));
}
return 0;
}
```
Compile it with `g++ -g -O2 -lpthread cpp-locking.cpp -o cpp-locking`,
then record it with `perf record --call-graph dwarf -e
sched:sched_switch`.
When you analyze it with `perf script` and libunwind, you should see:
Note that the backtrace is still stopping too early, when compared to
the nice results obtained via libunwind. It's unclear so far what the
reason for that is.
Committer note:
Further comment by Milian on the thread started on the Link: tag below:
---
The remaining issue is due to a bug in elfutils:
Path passed to libdw for unwinding doesn't include symfs path
if specified, so unwinding fails because ELF file is not found.
Similar to unwinding with libunwind, pass symsrc_filename instead
of long_name. If there is no symsrc_filename, fallback to long_name.
Signed-off-by: Martin Vuille <jpmv27@aim.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180211212420.18388-1-jpmv27@aim.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Kyungtae Kim detected a potential integer overflow in bcm_[rx|tx]_setup()
when the conversion into ktime multiplies the given value with NSEC_PER_USEC
(1000).
Add a check for the given tv_usec, so that the value stays below one second.
Additionally limit the tv_sec value to a reasonable value for CAN related
use-cases of 400 days and ensure all values to be positive.
Reported-by: Kyungtae Kim <kt0755@gmail.com> Tested-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net> Signed-off-by: Oliver Hartkopp <socketcan@hartkopp.net> Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # versions 2.6.26 to 4.7 Tested-by: Kyungtae Kim <kt0755@gmail.com> Acked-by: Andre Naujoks <nautsch2@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This patch revert commit 7da11ba5c506
("can: dev: __can_get_echo_skb(): print error message, if trying to echo non existing skb")
After introduction of this change we encountered following new error
message on various i.MX plattforms (flexcan):
| flexcan 53fc8000.can can0: __can_get_echo_skb: BUG! Trying to echo non
| existing skb: can_priv::echo_skb[0]
The introduction of the message was a mistake because
priv->echo_skb[idx] = NULL is a perfectly valid in following case: If
CAN_RAW_LOOPBACK is disabled (setsockopt) in applications, the pkt_type
of the tx skb's given to can_put_echo_skb is set to PACKET_LOOPBACK. In
this case can_put_echo_skb will not set priv->echo_skb[idx]. It is
therefore kept NULL.
As additional argument for revert: The order of check and usage of idx
was changed. idx is used to access an array element before checking it's
boundaries.
Signed-off-by: Manfred Schlaegl <manfred.schlaegl@ginzinger.com> Fixes: 7da11ba5c506 ("can: dev: __can_get_echo_skb(): print error message, if trying to echo non existing skb") Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The single-step debugging of KVM guests on x86 is broken: if we run
gdb 'stepi' command at the breakpoint when the guest interrupts are
enabled, RIP always jumps to native_apic_mem_write(). Then other
nasty effects follow.
Long investigation showed that on Jun 7, 2017 the
commit c8401dda2f0a00cd25c0 ("KVM: x86: fix singlestepping over syscall")
introduced the kvm_run.debug corruption: kvm_vcpu_do_singlestep() can
be called without X86_EFLAGS_TF set.
Let's fix it. Please consider that for -stable.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Popov <alex.popov@linux.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: c8401dda2f0a00cd25c0 ("KVM: x86: fix singlestepping over syscall") Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Add support for the SteelSeries Stratus Duo, a wireless Xbox 360
controller. The Stratus Duo ships with a USB dongle to enable wireless
connectivity, but it can also function as a wired controller by connecting
it directly to a PC via USB, hence the need for two USD PIDs. 0x1430 is the
dongle, and 0x1431 is the controller.
When doing MTU i/o we need to leave some credits for
possible reopen requests and other operations happening
in parallel. Currently we leave 1 credit which is not
enough even for reopen only: we need at least 2 credits
if durable handle reconnect fails. Also there may be
other operations at the same time including compounding
ones which require 3 credits at a time each. Fix this
by leaving 8 credits which is big enough to cover most
scenarios.
Was able to reproduce this when server was configured
to give out fewer credits than usual.
The proper fix would be to reconnect a file handle first
and then obtain credits for an MTU request but this leads
to bigger code changes and should happen in other patches.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Pavel Shilovsky <pshilov@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Fix __might_sleep warning[1] in tty/n_hdlc.c read due to copy_to_user
call while current is TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE. This is a false positive
since the code path does not depend on current state remaining
TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE. The loop breaks out and sets TASK_RUNNING after
calling copy_to_user.
This patch supresses the warning by setting TASK_RUNNING before calling
copy_to_user.
Some tty line disciplines do not have a receive buf callback, so
properly check for that before calling it. If they do not have this
callback, just eat the character quietly, as we can't fail this call.
Fix this by sanitizing ipcnum before using it to index pDrvData->IPCs.
Notice that given that speculation windows are large, the policy is
to kill the speculation on the first load and not worry if it can be
completed with a dependent load/store [1].
smp_rescan_cpus() is called without the device_hotplug_lock, which can lead
to a dedlock when a new CPU is found and immediately set online by a udev
rule.
This was observed on an older kernel version, where the cpu_hotplug_begin()
loop was still present, and it resulted in hanging chcpu and systemd-udev
processes. This specific deadlock will not show on current kernels. However,
there may be other possible deadlocks, and since smp_rescan_cpus() can still
trigger a CPU hotplug operation, the device_hotplug_lock should be held.
For reference, this was the deadlock with the old cpu_hotplug_begin() loop:
chcpu (rescan) systemd-udevd
echo 1 > /sys/../rescan
-> smp_rescan_cpus()
-> (*) get_online_cpus()
(increases refcount)
-> smp_add_present_cpu()
(new CPU found)
-> register_cpu()
-> device_add()
-> udev "add" event triggered -----------> udev rule sets CPU online
-> echo 1 > /sys/.../online
-> lock_device_hotplug_sysfs()
(this is missing in rescan path)
-> device_online()
-> (**) device_lock(new CPU dev)
-> cpu_up()
-> cpu_hotplug_begin()
(loops until refcount == 0)
-> deadlock with (*)
-> bus_probe_device()
-> device_attach()
-> device_lock(new CPU dev)
-> deadlock with (**)
Fix this by taking the device_hotplug_lock in the CPU rescan path.
Right now the early machine detection code check stsi 3.2.2 for "KVM"
and set MACHINE_IS_VM if this is different. As the console detection
uses diagnose 8 if MACHINE_IS_VM returns true this will crash Linux
early for any non z/VM system that sets a different value than KVM.
So instead of assuming z/VM, do not set any of MACHINE_IS_LPAR,
MACHINE_IS_VM, or MACHINE_IS_KVM.
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
So far we've mapped branches to "ijmp" which also counts conditional
branches NOT taken. This makes us different from other architectures
such as ARM which seem to be counting only taken branches.
So use "ijmptak" hardware condition which only counts (all jump
instructions that are taken)
'ijmptak' event is available on both ARCompact and ARCv2 ISA based
cores.
The skb header should be set to ethernet header before using
is_skb_forwardable. Because the ethernet header length has been
considered in is_skb_forwardable(including dev->hard_header_len
length).
To reproduce the issue:
1, add 2 ports on linux bridge br using following commands:
$ brctl addbr br
$ brctl addif br eth0
$ brctl addif br eth1
2, the MTU of eth0 and eth1 is 1500
3, send a packet(Data 1480, UDP 8, IP 20, Ethernet 14, VLAN 4)
from eth0 to eth1
So the expect result is packet larger than 1500 cannot pass through
eth0 and eth1. But currently, the packet passes through success, it
means eth1's MTU limit doesn't take effect.
Fixes: f6367b4660dd ("bridge: use is_skb_forwardable in forward path") Cc: bridge@lists.linux-foundation.org Cc: Nkolay Aleksandrov <nikolay@cumulusnetworks.com> Cc: Roopa Prabhu <roopa@cumulusnetworks.com> Cc: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org> Signed-off-by: Yunjian Wang <wangyunjian@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Martin reported a set of filters don't work after changing
from reclassify to continue. Looking into the code, it
looks like skb protocol is not always fetched for each
iteration of the filters. But, as demonstrated by Martin,
TC actions could modify skb->protocol, for example act_vlan,
this means we have to refetch skb protocol in each iteration,
rather than using the one we fetch in the beginning of the loop.
This bug is _not_ introduced by commit 3b3ae880266d
("net: sched: consolidate tc_classify{,_compat}"), technically,
if act_vlan is the only action that modifies skb protocol, then
it is commit c7e2b9689ef8 ("sched: introduce vlan action") which
introduced this bug.
Reported-by: Martin Olsson <martin.olsson+netdev@sentorsecurity.com> Cc: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Cc: Jiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us> Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com> Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
1. In response to events in the netdev and inetaddr notification chains
2. When a network namespace is being dismantled
In both cases only routes associated with a dead nexthop group are
flushed. However, a nexthop group will only be marked as dead in case it
is populated with actual nexthops using a nexthop device. This is not
the case when the route in question is an error route (e.g.,
'blackhole', 'unreachable').
Therefore, when a network namespace is being dismantled such routes are
not flushed and leaked [1].
To reproduce:
# ip netns add blue
# ip -n blue route add unreachable 192.0.2.0/24
# ip netns del blue
Fix this by not skipping error routes that are not marked with
RTNH_F_DEAD when flushing the routing tables.
To prevent the flushing of such routes in case #1, add a parameter to
fib_table_flush() that indicates if the table is flushed as part of
namespace dismantle or not.
Note that this problem does not exist in IPv6 since error routes are
associated with the loopback device.
For nested and variable attributes, the expected length of an attribute
is not known and marked by a negative number. This results in an OOB
read when the expected length is later used to check if the attribute is
all zeros. Fix this by using the actual length of the attribute rather
than the expected length.
Signed-off-by: Ross Lagerwall <ross.lagerwall@citrix.com> Acked-by: Pravin B Shelar <pshelar@ovn.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
In certain cases, pskb_trim_rcsum() may change skb pointers.
Reinitialize header pointers afterwards to avoid potential
use-after-frees. Add a note in the documentation of
pskb_trim_rcsum(). Found by KASAN.
Signed-off-by: Ross Lagerwall <ross.lagerwall@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
As measured in my prior patch ("sch_netem: faster rb tree removal"),
rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe() is nice looking but much slower
than using rb_next() directly, except when tree is small enough
to fit in CPU caches (then the cost is the same)
Also note that there is not even an increase of text size :
$ size net/core/skbuff.o.before net/core/skbuff.o
text data bss dec hex filename
40711 1298 0 42009 a419 net/core/skbuff.o.before
40711 1298 0 42009 a419 net/core/skbuff.o
From: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Mao Wenan <maowenan@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Patch series "THP eligibility reporting via proc".
This series of three patches aims at making THP eligibility reporting much
more robust and long term sustainable. The trigger for the change is a
regression report [2] and the long follow up discussion. In short the
specific application didn't have good API to query whether a particular
mapping can be backed by THP so it has used VMA flags to workaround that.
These flags represent a deep internal state of VMAs and as such they
should be used by userspace with a great deal of caution.
A similar has happened for [3] when users complained that VM_MIXEDMAP is
no longer set on DAX mappings. Again a lack of a proper API led to an
abuse.
The first patch in the series tries to emphasise that that the semantic of
flags might change and any application consuming those should be really
careful.
The remaining two patches provide a more suitable interface to address [2]
and provide a consistent API to query the THP status both for each VMA and
process wide as well. [1]
Even though vma flags exported via /proc/<pid>/smaps are explicitly
documented to be not guaranteed for future compatibility the warning
doesn't go far enough because it doesn't mention semantic changes to those
flags. And they are important as well because these flags are a deep
implementation internal to the MM code and the semantic might change at
any time.
Let's consider two recent examples:
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002100531.GC4135@quack2.suse.cz
: commit e1fb4a086495 "dax: remove VM_MIXEDMAP for fsdax and device dax" has
: removed VM_MIXEDMAP flag from DAX VMAs. Now our testing shows that in the
: mean time certain customer of ours started poking into /proc/<pid>/smaps
: and looks at VMA flags there and if VM_MIXEDMAP is missing among the VMA
: flags, the application just fails to start complaining that DAX support is
: missing in the kernel.
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.1809241054050.224429@chino.kir.corp.google.com
: Commit 1860033237d4 ("mm: make PR_SET_THP_DISABLE immediately active")
: introduced a regression in that userspace cannot always determine the set
: of vmas where thp is ineligible.
: Userspace relies on the "nh" flag being emitted as part of /proc/pid/smaps
: to determine if a vma is eligible to be backed by hugepages.
: Previous to this commit, prctl(PR_SET_THP_DISABLE, 1) would cause thp to
: be disabled and emit "nh" as a flag for the corresponding vmas as part of
: /proc/pid/smaps. After the commit, thp is disabled by means of an mm
: flag and "nh" is not emitted.
: This causes smaps parsing libraries to assume a vma is eligible for thp
: and ends up puzzling the user on why its memory is not backed by thp.
In both cases userspace was relying on a semantic of a specific VMA flag.
The primary reason why that happened is a lack of a proper interface.
While this has been worked on and it will be fixed properly, it seems that
our wording could see some refinement and be more vocal about semantic
aspect of these flags as well.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181211143641.3503-2-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Paul Oppenheimer <bepvte@gmail.com> Cc: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
write_cache_pages() is used in both background and integrity writeback
scenarios by various filesystems. Background writeback is mostly
concerned with cleaning a certain number of dirty pages based on various
mm heuristics. It may not write the full set of dirty pages or wait for
I/O to complete. Integrity writeback is responsible for persisting a set
of dirty pages before the writeback job completes. For example, an
fsync() call must perform integrity writeback to ensure data is on disk
before the call returns.
write_cache_pages() unconditionally breaks out of its processing loop in
the event of a ->writepage() error. This is fine for background
writeback, which had no strict requirements and will eventually come
around again. This can cause problems for integrity writeback on
filesystems that might need to clean up state associated with failed page
writeouts. For example, XFS performs internal delayed allocation
accounting before returning a ->writepage() error, where applicable. If
the current writeback happens to be associated with an unmount and
write_cache_pages() completes the writeback prematurely due to error, the
filesystem is unmounted in an inconsistent state if dirty+delalloc pages
still exist.
To handle this problem, update write_cache_pages() to always process the
full set of pages for integrity writeback regardless of ->writepage()
errors. Save the first encountered error and return it to the caller once
complete. This facilitates XFS (or any other fs that expects integrity
writeback to process the entire set of dirty pages) to clean up its
internal state completely in the event of persistent mapping errors.
Background writeback continues to exit on the first error encountered.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo in comment] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181116134304.32440-1-bfoster@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
mount.ocfs2 ignore the inconsistent error that journal is clean but
local alloc is unrecovered. After mount, local alloc not empty, then
reserver cluster didn't alloc a new local alloc window, reserveration
map is empty(ocfs2_reservation_map.m_bitmap_len = 0), that triggered the
following panic.
and was advised to fixed during mount. But this is a very unusual
inconsistent state, usually journal dirty flag should be cleared at the
last stage of umount until every other things go right. We may need do
further debug to check that. Any way to avoid possible futher
corruption, mount should be abort and fsck should be run.
This is because when populating Driver Map using firmware raid map, all
non-existing VDs set their ldTgtIdToLd to 0xff, so it can be skipped later.
From drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_base.c ,
memset(instance->ld_ids, 0xff, MEGASAS_MAX_LD_IDS);
From drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas_fp.c ,
/* For non existing VDs, iterate to next VD*/
if (ld >= (MAX_LOGICAL_DRIVES_EXT - 1))
continue;
However, there are a few places that failed to skip those non-existing VDs
due to off-by-one errors. Then, those 0xff leaked into MR_LdRaidGet(0xff,
map) and triggered the out-of-bound accesses.
Fixes: 51087a8617fe ("megaraid_sas : Extended VD support") Signed-off-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Acked-by: Sumit Saxena <sumit.saxena@broadcom.com> Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
This is the much more correct fix for my earlier attempt at:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/12/10/118
Short recap:
- There's not actually a locking issue, it's just lockdep being a bit
too eager to complain about a possible deadlock.
- Contrary to what I claimed the real problem is recursion on
kn->count. Greg pointed me at sysfs_break_active_protection(), used
by the scsi subsystem to allow a sysfs file to unbind itself. That
would be a real deadlock, which isn't what's happening here. Also,
breaking the active protection means we'd need to manually handle
all the lifetime fun.
- With Rafael we discussed the task_work approach, which kinda works,
but has two downsides: It's a functional change for a lockdep
annotation issue, and it won't work for the bind file (which needs
to get the errno from the driver load function back to userspace).
- Greg also asked why this never showed up: To hit this you need to
unregister a 2nd driver from the unload code of your first driver. I
guess only gpus do that. The bug has always been there, but only
with a recent patch series did we add more locks so that lockdep
built a chain from unbinding the snd-hda driver to the
acpi_video_unregister call.
Looking around I've noticed that usb and i2c already handle similar
recursion problems, where a sysfs file can unbind the same type of
sysfs somewhere else in the hierarchy. Relevant commits are:
This commit fixes hard-coded model-id for an unit of Apogee Ensemble with
a correct value. This unit uses DM1500 ASIC produced ArchWave AG (formerly
known as BridgeCo AG).
I note that this model supports three modes in the number of data channels
in tx/rx streams; 8 ch pairs, 10 ch pairs, 18 ch pairs. The mode is
switched by Vendor-dependent AV/C command, like:
When switching between different mode, the unit disappears from IEEE 1394
bus, then appears on the bus with different combination of stream formats.
In a mode of 18 ch pairs, available sampling rate is up to 96.0 kHz, else
up to 192.0 kHz.
kcopyd has no upper limit to the number of jobs one can allocate and
issue. Under certain workloads this can lead to excessive memory usage
and workqueue stalls. For example, when creating multiple dm-snapshot
targets with a 4K chunk size and then writing to the origin through the
page cache. Syncing the page cache causes a large number of BIOs to be
issued to the dm-snapshot origin target, which itself issues an even
larger (because of the BIO splitting taking place) number of kcopyd
jobs.
Running the following test, from the device mapper test suite [1],
dmtest run --suite snapshot -n many_snapshots_of_same_volume_N
, with 8 active snapshots, results in the kcopyd job slab cache growing
to 10G. Depending on the available system RAM this can lead to the OOM
killer killing user processes:
Moreover, issuing a large number of kcopyd jobs results in kcopyd
hogging the CPU, while processing them. As a result, processing of work
items, queued for execution on the same CPU as the currently running
kcopyd thread, is stalled for long periods of time, hurting performance.
Running the aforementioned test we get, in dmesg, messages like the
following:
The root cause for these issues is the way dm-snapshot uses kcopyd. In
particular, the lack of an explicit or implicit limit to the maximum
number of in-flight COW jobs. The merging path is not affected because
it implicitly limits the in-flight kcopyd jobs to one.
Fix these issues by using a semaphore to limit the maximum number of
in-flight kcopyd jobs. We grab the semaphore before allocating a new
kcopyd job in start_copy() and start_full_bio() and release it after the
job finishes in copy_callback().
The initial semaphore value is configurable through a module parameter,
to allow fine tuning the maximum number of in-flight COW jobs. Setting
this parameter to zero initializes the semaphore to INT_MAX.
A default value of 2048 maximum in-flight kcopyd jobs was chosen. This
value was decided experimentally as a trade-off between memory
consumption, stalling the kernel's workqueues and maintaining a high
enough throughput.
Re-running the aforementioned test:
* Workqueue stalls are eliminated
* kcopyd's job slab cache uses a maximum of 130MB
* The time taken by the test to write to the snapshot-origin target is
reduced from 05m20.48s to 03m26.38s
projects / linux-stable / log